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Need to insert endnote in Word?

In MS Word, endnotes and footnotes serve the same purpose – just that they are located differently. Endnotes appear at the bottom of individual pages whilst footnote appear at the end of all the pages (end of the document).

In my previous post, I explained what a footnote is and how you can insert one in MS Word.

Related Article: How to Insert Footnotes in Word

In this tutorial, I explained how you can also insert an endnote into MS Word.

How to insert endnote in word

Without further ado, below is a step by step guide to add endnotes into your Word document:

First press Ctrl+Alt+D (shortcut) on the keyboard; these keystrokes will shoot the insertion pointer to the bottom area of the document waiting for you to type in some text; type the endnote text; and that’s it, the endnote reference number will be superscripted to the main text as well as before the reference text.

For more detailed steps, obey the instructions below:

Select the text you want the Endnote to reference. Or place the insertion pointer at the location you want to add the reference.

Type the Endnote text

You can add as many endnotes as you wish.

The above steps just explained the easiest way to insert endnote in Word.

How to use Endnote in word

As mentioned before, an endnote is used to cite references at the end of a document.

Endnote on Tooltip: If your document is onscreen as in MS Word, you can view endnotes on a tooltip without having to navigate all the way to the bottom of the document. To use this tip, just hover over the reference number in the body text to view the note as a tooltip.

These are the two ways to use endnotes in Word.

Change Endnote number format

The Microsoft Word’s Endnote has a habit of numbering your Endnotes as you add them into your document. You can change the number format of the Endnote so that it can use either roman numerals or other numbering options.

To change the number format of your document’s Endnote:

How To Show Calculation Steps In Excel?

How to show calculation steps in Excel?

When you do some calculations in Excel, and if there gets some error results in the end, you can view the calculation steps to find out where goes wrong and then correct it.

Show and view calculation steps with Evaluate Formula function

Office Tab Enable Tabbed Editing and Browsing in Office, and Make Your Work Much Easier…

How To Insert Column Breaks In Microsoft Word 2010 And 2007

Columns are a handy formatting tool in Microsoft Word. However, there’s a trick to line up the text in a certain way, place something specific in a column, or evenly distribute columns. Use column breaks (similar to page breaks) to format columns the way you want.

Instructions in this article apply to Word for Microsoft 365, Word 2019, Word 2016, and Word 2013.

How to Insert a Column Break

A column break places a hard break, much like a page break or section break, in the inserted location and forces the rest of the text to appear in the next column.

In a document that includes columns, place the cursor where you want the column to break.

The best place for a column break is typically between paragraphs or other major sections of text.

The selected location now appears at the top of the next column.

Insert a Continuous Break

If you want columns to contain an even amount of text, use a continuous break, which evenly balances the text in the columns.

Place the cursor at the end of the column you want balanced.

The columns are now even.

With a continuous break inserted, when text is added to a column, Word moves the text between columns to ensure columns are evenly distributed.

Delete a Break

If there’s a break in a column that you no longer need, or if the document has a column break that you can’t find, delete the column break or continuous break.

Go to the Home tab and, in the Paragraph group, select Show Formatting Symbols. Formatting marks, including column breaks, appear.

Place the cursor in the break you want to remove.

Press Delete on the keyboard. The column break or continuous break is removed.

How To Create A Pivot Table In Excel: A Step

The pivot table is one of Microsoft Excel’s most powerful — and intimidating — functions. Powerful because it can help you summarize and make sense of large data sets. Intimidating because you’re not exactly an Excel expert, and pivot tables have always had a reputation for being complicated.

The good news: Learning how to create a pivot table in Excel is much easier than you might’ve been led to believe.

But before we walk you through process of creating one, let’s take a step back and make sure you understand exactly what a pivot table is, and why you might need to use one.

What Is a Pivot Table?

A pivot table is a summary of your data, packaged in a chart that lets you report on and explore trends based on your information. Pivot tables are particularly useful if you have long rows or columns that hold values you need to track the sums of and easily compare to one another.

In other words, pivot tables extract meaning from that seemingly endless jumble of numbers on your screen. And more specifically, it lets you group your data together in different ways so you can draw helpful conclusions more easily.

The “pivot” part of a pivot table stems from the fact that you can rotate (or pivot) the data in the table in order to view it from a different perspective. To be clear, you’re not adding to, subtracting from, or otherwise changing your data when you make a pivot. Instead, you’re simply reorganizing the data so you can reveal useful information from it.

How to Use Pivot Tables

If you’re still feeling a bit confused about what pivot tables actually do, don’t worry. This is one of those technologies that’s much easier to understand once you’ve seen it in action. Here are seven hypothetical scenarios where you’d want to use a pivot table.

1. Compare sales totals of different products.

Say you have a worksheet that contains monthly sales data for three different products — product 1, product 2, and product 3 — and you want to figure out which of the three has been bringing in the most bucks. You could, of course, look through the worksheet and manually add the corresponding sales figure to a running total every time product 1 appears. You could then do the same for product 2, and product 3, until you have totals for all of them. Piece of cake, right?

Now, imagine that monthly sales worksheet of yours has thousands and thousands of rows. Manually sorting through them all could take a lifetime. Using a pivot table, you can automatically aggregate all of the sales figures for product 1, product 2, and product 3 — and calculate their respective sums — in less than a minute.

2. Show product sales as percentages of total sales.

Pivot tables naturally show the totals of each row or column when you create it. But that’s not the only figure you can automatically produce.

Let’s say you entered quarterly sales numbers for three separate products into an Excel sheet and turned this data into a pivot table. The table would automatically give you three totals at the bottom of each column — having added up each product’s quarterly sales. But what if you wanted to find the percentage these product sales contributed of all company sales, rather than just those products’ sales totals?

With a pivot table, you can configure each column to give you the column’s percentage of all three column totals, instead of just the column total. If three product sales totaled $200,000 in sales, for example, and the first product made $45,000, you can edit a pivot table to instead say this product contributed 22.5% of all company sales.

3. Combine duplicate data.

That’s where the pivot table comes into play. Instead of having to manually search for and combine all the metrics from the duplicates, you can summarize your data (via pivot table) by blog post title, and voilà: the view metrics from those duplicate posts will be aggregated automatically.

4. Get an employee head count for separate departments.

Pivot tables are helpful for automatically calculating things that you can’t easily find in a basic Excel table. One of those things is counting rows that all have something in common.

If you have a list of employees in an Excel sheet, for instance, and next to the employees’ names are the respective departments they belong to, you can create a pivot table from this data that shows you each department name and the number of employees that belong to those departments. The pivot table effectively eliminates your task of sorting the Excel sheet by department name and counting each row manually.

5. Add default values to empty cells.

Not every dataset you enter into Excel will populate every cell. If you’re waiting for new data to come in before entering it into Excel, you might have lots of empty cells that look confusing or need further explaining when showing this data to your manager. That’s where pivot tables come in.

You can easily customize a pivot table to fill empty cells with a default value, such as $0, or TBD (for “to be determined”). For large tables of data, being able to tag these cells quickly is a useful feature when many people are reviewing the same sheet.

How to Create a Pivot Table

Enter your data into a range of rows and columns.

Sort your data by a specific attribute.

Highlight your cells to create your pivot table.

Drag and drop a field into the “Row Labels” area.

Drag and drop a field into the “Values” area.

Fine-tune your calculations.

Now that you have a better sense of what pivot tables can be used for, let’s get into the nitty-gritty of how to actually create one.

1. Enter your data into a range of rows and columns.

Every pivot table in Excel starts with a basic Excel table, where all your data is housed. To create this table, simply enter your values into a specific set of rows and columns. Use the topmost row or the topmost column to categorize your values by what they represent.

For example, to create an Excel table of blog post performance data, you might have a column listing each “URL,” a column listing each URL’s “Post Title,” a column listing each post’s “Views to Date,” and so on. (We’ll be using that example in the steps that follow.)

2. Sort your data by a specific attribute.

When you have all the data you want entered into your Excel sheet, you’ll want to sort this data in some way so it’s easier to manage once you turn it into a pivot table.

Select “OK” on the bottom-right of the Sort window, and you’ll successfully reorder each row of your Excel sheet by the number of views each blog post has received.

3. Highlight your cells to create your pivot table.

Alternatively, you can highlight your cells, select “Recommended PivotTables” to the right of the PivotTable icon, and open a pivot table with pre-set suggestions for how to organize each row and column.

Note: If you’re using a version of Excel earlier than Excel 2016, “PivotTables” may be under “Tables” or “Data” along the top navigation, rather than “Insert.” In Google Sheets, you can create pivot tables from the “Data” dropdown along the top navigation.

4. Drag and drop a field into the “Row Labels” area.

Note: Your pivot table may look different depending on which version of Excel you’re working with. However, the general principles remain the same.

5. Drag and drop a field into the “Values” area.

Once you’ve established what you’re going to organize your data by, your next step is to add in some values by dragging a field into the “Values” area.

Sticking with the blogging data example, let’s say you want to summarize blog post views by title. To do this, you’d simply drag the “Views” field into the Values area.

6. Fine-tune your calculations.

The sum of a particular value will be calculated by default, but you can easily change this to something like average, maximum, or minimum depending on what you want to calculate.

Digging Deeper With Pivot Tables

You’ve now learned the basics of pivot table creation in Excel. But depending on what you need your pivot table for, you might not be done.

For example, you may notice that the data in your pivot table isn’t sorted the way you’d like. If were the case, Excel’s Sort function can help you out. Alternatively, you may need to incorporate data from another source into your reporting, in which case the VLOOKUP function could come in handy.

To take a deeper dive into the world of Excel and learn about its various functions, download our comprehensive guide, How to Use Excel.

Want more Excel tips? Check out these design tips for creating charts and graphs.

Editor’s note: This post was originally published in December 2018 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

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